Michał Pacanewicz

The Second World War - Criminals - Cracow - Krakow ghetto - Poland
Jewish collaborators

Michał Pacanewicz (or Pacanower), brother of Ignacy Panacewicz. Both were Jewish policeGerman: Jüdischer Ordnungsdienst, literally Jewish Order Service, customarily Jewish police - during World War II, they ware partially subordinate to the Judenrat, collaborating with Nazi Germany, Jewish Police units operated inside ghettos, labor camps and concentration camps. The police dealt with requisitions, round-ups of other Jews, escorting displaced people and deportation actions. officers in the Krakow ghetto. Together, they made a fortune thanks to bribes and denouncing Jews to the Gestapo(german: Geheime Staatspolizei) The Secret State Police established in the Third Reich, which ruthlessly fought against all forms of resistance in the occupied territories. Identified with the most terrible German crimes against Poles, and after 1942 also against Jews. Disbanded with the fall of the Third Reich in 1945. Recognized as a criminal organization by the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg.. Their fate is unknown. They had a particularly bad opinion in the Krakow ghetto. Aleksander BiebersteinAleksander Bieberstein (1889 - 1979) - doctor, diarist of the Krakow ghetto. Throughout the entire period of World War II, Bieberstein kept notes and records documenting the fate of Krakow's Jews, which, however, were lost during the evacuation in the Gross-Rosen camp. After the war, he tried to recreate this documentation as accurately as possible from memory and from conversations with the surviving Krakow Jews. wrote: “OD-men enjoyed abundance. In particular, the managers made money with bribes of large estates (...) [Pacanewicz Brothers - editor's note ed.] greedy and corrupt, they made their fortune in a dishonorable way”.

The brothers worked in the department of civil affairs (Zivilabteilung), which was probably organized by Spira at the behest of the Gestapo. Members of this department wore different uniforms. They wore jackets and ties and badges that stated "Ordnungdienst ".

They were specialists in bribes for release from transport during the deportation on June 4 and 8, 1942 from the Krakow ghetto. For arranging the stamp and the so-called blue card, they took bribes from whomever they could. Of course, paying a bribe did not always get the job done. However, no one applied for a refund, as no one wanted to expose themselves to the police who could take their revenge at the earliest opportunity.

In 1942 (after the ŻOB commander Dolek Libeskind had escaped from the Krakow ghetto), he arrived with Spira to the Bochnia ghetto to arrest the members of Bnei AkibaBnei Akiba - Hebrew "Sons of Akiba", a Jewish youth organization named after Rabbi Akiba, a scholar, teacher and Jewish leader during the Bar Kochbywa uprising in the years 132–135. His martyrdom at the hands of the Romans became a symbol of Kiddush Ha-Shem [sacrificing his life for faith in God]. Bnei Akiba operated in Poland from 1924, it was a Zionist organization with particular emphasis on the Jewish tradition. Members of this organization were particularly active in Krakow and the surrounding area and formed the backbone of the ŻOB in this area..

Along with his brother, he was shot in December 1943, in PłaszówPłaszów (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpwaʂuf]) or Kraków-Płaszów was a Nazi concentration camp operated by the SS in Płaszów, a southern suburb of Kraków, in the General Governorate of German-occupied Poland. Most of the prisoners were Polish Jews. Many prisoners died because of executions, forced labor, and the poor conditions in the camp. The camp was evacuated in January 1945, before the Red Army's liberation of the area on 20 January. camp, when his services were not needed anymore by Germans.

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